Normandy Road
Exeter · EX1 2SR
Average sold price by year
Properties on Normandy Road
| Address | Type | Last sold | Price | Sales |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 46, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 27 Nov 2025 | £270,000 | 3 |
| 43, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 22 Aug 2025 | £332,000 | 3 |
| 29, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 30 Apr 2025 | £335,400 | 4 |
| 19, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 24 Jul 2024 | £327,800 | 3 |
| 26, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 3 May 2024 | £250,000 | 2 |
| 31, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 30 Jan 2024 | £325,000 | 4 |
| 27, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 17 Oct 2023 | £393,000 | 4 |
| 30, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 29 Aug 2023 | £330,000 | 3 |
| 37, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 20 Jan 2023 | £349,000 | 3 |
| 52, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 15 Jun 2022 | £320,000 | 2 |
| 38, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 31 May 2022 | £270,000 | 3 |
| 44, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 1 Apr 2022 | £330,000 | 3 |
| 10, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 18 Mar 2022 | £265,000 | 3 |
| 3, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 4 Feb 2022 | £240,000 | 2 |
| 28, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 17 Aug 2021 | £240,000 | 2 |
| 21, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 16 Sep 2019 | £275,000 | 3 |
| 17, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 28 May 2019 | £237,000 | 1 |
| 25, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 30 Apr 2019 | £243,000 | 1 |
| 39, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 5 Nov 2018 | £265,500 | 2 |
| 15, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 16 Oct 2018 | £265,000 | 4 |
| 14, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 2 Jul 2018 | £270,000 | 3 |
| 7, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 10 Dec 2015 | £186,000 | 2 |
| 24, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 28 Nov 2014 | £215,000 | 1 |
| 33, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 25 Oct 2013 | £216,000 | 1 |
| 4, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 28 Aug 2013 | £170,000 | 1 |
| 32, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 27 Aug 2013 | £198,000 | 1 |
| 36, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 10 Apr 2013 | £173,500 | 2 |
| 1, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 23 Sep 2011 | £155,000 | 2 |
| 11, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 31 Aug 2011 | £173,447 | 1 |
| 9, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 29 Apr 2010 | £162,000 | 1 |
| 8, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 28 May 2009 | £160,000 | 1 |
| 12, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 30 Apr 2009 | £150,000 | 1 |
| 38, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 10 Dec 2008 | £172,000 | 4 |
| 52, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 20 Oct 2008 | £173,000 | 3 |
| 1, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 29 May 2008 | £162,000 | 4 |
| 44, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 30 Nov 2007 | £175,000 | 3 |
| 35, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 16 Nov 2007 | £187,500 | 1 |
| 33, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 24 Sep 2007 | £179,950 | 1 |
| 36, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 16 Jul 2007 | £169,000 | 1 |
| 41, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 24 May 2007 | £172,000 | 2 |
| 5, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 9 Feb 2007 | £156,500 | 4 |
| 43, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 31 Jan 2007 | £206,000 | 2 |
| 3, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 3 Jul 2006 | £152,500 | 5 |
| 6, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 26 Jun 2006 | £180,000 | 1 |
| 10, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 4 Apr 2006 | £157,500 | 2 |
| 24, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 3 Mar 2006 | £158,000 | 3 |
| 29, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Semi-Detached | 16 Dec 2005 | £143,000 | 1 |
| 32, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 29 Nov 2005 | £156,000 | 2 |
| 12, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 26 Aug 2005 | £141,500 | 1 |
| 8, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 4 Aug 2005 | £151,250 | 3 |
| 17, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 9 May 2005 | £158,500 | 1 |
| 14, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 21 Jun 2004 | £136,000 | 2 |
| 39, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 9 May 2003 | £133,000 | 1 |
| 48, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 31 Oct 2002 | £65,000 | 1 |
| 9A, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 28 Aug 2001 | £89,950 | 2 |
| 45, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 3 Aug 2001 | £97,000 | 1 |
| 27, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 12 Apr 2001 | £84,950 | 2 |
| 18, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced | 30 Jun 2000 | £69,000 | 1 |
| 34, NORMANDY ROAD EX1 2SR | Terraced new build | 1 Jul 1999 | £58,500 | 1 |
| 22, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 9 Oct 1998 | £49,500 | 1 |
| 11, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 21 Sep 1998 | £52,500 | 2 |
| 19, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 5 May 1998 | £51,000 | 1 |
| 23, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 30 Jan 1998 | £53,000 | 2 |
| 7, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced new build | 2 Sep 1997 | £45,950 | 1 |
| 37, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 22 Aug 1997 | £49,000 | 1 |
| 9, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced new build | 4 Jul 1997 | £44,500 | 1 |
| 18, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 12 Sep 1996 | £41,500 | 1 |
| 15, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 19 Jul 1996 | £44,200 | 1 |
| 25, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 14 Jun 1996 | £45,700 | 1 |
| 28, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER EX1 2SR | Terraced | 28 Apr 1995 | £41,500 | 1 |
Recent sales
| Date | Address | Type | Tenure | Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 27 Nov 2025 | 46, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £270,000 |
| 22 Aug 2025 | 43, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £332,000 |
| 30 Apr 2025 | 29, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £335,400 |
| 24 Jul 2024 | 19, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £327,800 |
| 3 May 2024 | 26, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £250,000 |
| 30 Jan 2024 | 31, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £325,000 |
| 17 Oct 2023 | 27, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £393,000 |
| 29 Aug 2023 | 30, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £330,000 |
| 20 Jan 2023 | 37, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £349,000 |
| 15 Jun 2022 | 52, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £320,000 |
| 31 May 2022 | 38, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £270,000 |
| 1 Apr 2022 | 44, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £330,000 |
| 18 Mar 2022 | 10, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £265,000 |
| 4 Feb 2022 | 3, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £240,000 |
| 17 Aug 2021 | 28, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £240,000 |
| 13 Nov 2019 | 29, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £270,000 |
| 17 Oct 2019 | 43, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £282,500 |
| 16 Sep 2019 | 21, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £275,000 |
| 22 Jul 2019 | 31, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £267,500 |
| 28 May 2019 | 17, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £237,000 |
| 30 Apr 2019 | 25, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £243,000 |
| 5 Nov 2018 | 39, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £265,500 |
| 16 Oct 2018 | 15, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £265,000 |
| 2 Jul 2018 | 14, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £270,000 |
| 31 May 2018 | 19, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £255,000 |
| 19 Dec 2017 | 52, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £235,000 |
| 20 Oct 2017 | 27, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £296,000 |
| 30 May 2017 | 46, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £242,000 |
| 28 Apr 2017 | 30, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £205,000 |
| 10 Dec 2015 | 7, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £186,000 |
| 1 Sep 2015 | 27, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £223,000 |
| 27 Aug 2015 | 21, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £220,000 |
| 12 Feb 2015 | 38, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £215,000 |
| 23 Jan 2015 | 37, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £243,000 |
| 5 Jan 2015 | 14, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £167,000 |
| 28 Nov 2014 | 24, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £215,000 |
| 19 Sep 2014 | 15, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £218,000 |
| 23 May 2014 | 3, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £173,000 |
| 9 May 2014 | 46, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £196,100 |
| 28 Mar 2014 | 7, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £170,000 |
| 6 Jan 2014 | 44, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £160,000 |
| 5 Nov 2013 | 29, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £218,000 |
| 25 Oct 2013 | 33, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £216,000 |
| 28 Aug 2013 | 4, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £170,000 |
| 27 Aug 2013 | 32, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £198,000 |
| 18 Jun 2013 | 21, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £163,500 |
| 10 Apr 2013 | 36, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £173,500 |
| 22 Mar 2013 | 19, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £175,000 |
| 15 Oct 2012 | 37, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £180,000 |
| 13 Jul 2012 | 31, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £187,500 |
| 16 Dec 2011 | 39, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £185,000 |
| 2 Dec 2011 | 44, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £181,000 |
| 23 Sep 2011 | 1, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £155,000 |
| 31 Aug 2011 | 11, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £173,447 |
| 29 Jul 2011 | 29, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £164,000 |
| 21 Apr 2011 | 31, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £145,000 |
| 25 Feb 2011 | 10, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £176,000 |
| 18 Jun 2010 | 43, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £217,500 |
| 29 Apr 2010 | 9, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £162,000 |
| 18 Dec 2009 | 15, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £203,000 |
| 28 May 2009 | 8, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £160,000 |
| 30 Apr 2009 | 12, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £150,000 |
| 10 Dec 2008 | 38, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £172,000 |
| 20 Oct 2008 | 52, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £173,000 |
| 29 May 2008 | 1, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £162,000 |
| 30 Nov 2007 | 44, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £175,000 |
| 16 Nov 2007 | 35, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £187,500 |
| 24 Sep 2007 | 33, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £179,950 |
| 16 Jul 2007 | 36, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £169,000 |
| 24 May 2007 | 41, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £172,000 |
| 9 Feb 2007 | 5, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £156,500 |
| 31 Jan 2007 | 43, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £206,000 |
| 3 Jul 2006 | 3, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £152,500 |
| 26 Jun 2006 | 6, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £180,000 |
| 4 Apr 2006 | 10, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £157,500 |
| 3 Mar 2006 | 24, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £158,000 |
| 16 Dec 2005 | 29, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Semi-Detached | Freehold | £143,000 |
| 29 Nov 2005 | 32, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £156,000 |
| 4 Nov 2005 | 38, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £154,500 |
| 26 Aug 2005 | 52, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £151,000 |
| 26 Aug 2005 | 12, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £141,500 |
| 4 Aug 2005 | 8, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £151,250 |
| 29 Jul 2005 | 44, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £157,500 |
| 9 May 2005 | 17, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £158,500 |
| 21 Jun 2004 | 14, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £136,000 |
| 27 May 2004 | 43, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Detached | Freehold | £189,950 |
| 21 May 2004 | 38, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £145,000 |
| 4 May 2004 | 32, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £149,000 |
| 1 Apr 2004 | 3, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £138,000 |
| 1 Mar 2004 | 24, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £142,950 |
| 9 May 2003 | 39, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £133,000 |
| 26 Nov 2002 | 24, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £121,000 |
| 15 Nov 2002 | 8, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £119,950 |
| 31 Oct 2002 | 48, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £65,000 |
| 13 Sep 2002 | 5, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £117,950 |
| 5 Jul 2002 | 38, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £103,000 |
| 7 Jun 2002 | 8, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £21,000 |
| 28 Aug 2001 | 9A, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £89,950 |
| 3 Aug 2001 | 45, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £97,000 |
| 9 Jul 2001 | 1, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £76,950 |
| 12 Apr 2001 | 27, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £84,950 |
| 12 Apr 2001 | 3, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £71,950 |
| 13 Oct 2000 | 10, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £68,950 |
| 28 Jul 2000 | 38, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £66,000 |
| 30 Jun 2000 | 18, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £69,000 |
| 31 Mar 2000 | 28, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £58,500 |
| 29 Mar 2000 | 14, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £64,500 |
| 7 Jan 2000 | 15, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £74,000 |
| 7 Oct 1999 | 26, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £60,000 |
| 16 Aug 1999 | 1, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £55,950 |
| 30 Jul 1999 | 36, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £60,000 |
| 30 Jul 1999 | 27, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £55,000 |
| 1 Jul 1999 | 34, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £58,500 |
| 28 Jun 1999 | 30, NORMANDY ROAD | Terraced | Freehold | £59,950 |
| 9 Oct 1998 | 22, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £49,500 |
| 21 Sep 1998 | 11, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £52,500 |
| 31 Jul 1998 | 1, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £48,500 |
| 5 Jun 1998 | 14, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £47,000 |
| 2 Jun 1998 | 5, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £51,000 |
| 5 May 1998 | 19, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £51,000 |
| 19 Feb 1998 | 11, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £41,000 |
| 16 Feb 1998 | 52, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £50,000 |
| 30 Jan 1998 | 23, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £53,000 |
| 30 Jan 1998 | 3, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £48,000 |
| 7 Nov 1997 | 44, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £45,000 |
| 2 Sep 1997 | 7, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £45,950 |
| 22 Aug 1997 | 37, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £49,000 |
| 4 Jul 1997 | 9, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £44,500 |
| 18 Apr 1997 | 9A, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £51,500 |
| 30 Mar 1997 | 5, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £45,950 |
| 14 Feb 1997 | 1, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £46,250 |
| 6 Dec 1996 | 3, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £47,000 |
| 25 Nov 1996 | 10, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £44,000 |
| 6 Nov 1996 | 27, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £42,500 |
| 12 Sep 1996 | 18, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £41,500 |
| 31 Jul 1996 | 23, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £47,250 |
| 19 Jul 1996 | 15, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £44,200 |
| 14 Jun 1996 | 25, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £45,700 |
| 10 Apr 1996 | 41, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £46,000 |
| 28 Apr 1995 | 28, NORMANDY ROAD, EXETER | Terraced | Freehold | £41,500 |
Other streets in Exeter
Frequently asked questions
What is the average house price on Normandy Road, Exeter?
When did a property on Normandy Road last sell?
How many properties are there on Normandy Road?
About this data
Every figure on this page is calculated from the 140 sales HM Land Registry has recorded on Normandy Road since 1995 — what buyers actually paid, not asking prices or estimates. A home that has not changed hands since records began in 1995 will not appear. Sales are matched to this street by postcode and by the street component of the registered address, so a neighbouring street with a similar name is not counted. The Price Paid dataset covers England and Wales only; see Scotland and Northern Ireland.